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# IFT World

Step Up and Ace the CFA® Exams

## Sitemaps

- [XML Sitemap](https://ift.world/sitemap.xml): Contains all public/indexable URLs for this website.

## Posts

- [Blog](https://ift.world/blog-1/)
- [Selecting a CFA Exam Prep Provider](https://ift.world/selecting-prep-provider/)
- [Your Level II Exam Results](https://ift.world/your-level-ii-exam-results/)
- [CFA Level I – Big Changes in 2027!](https://ift.world/cfa-level-i-big-changes-in-2027/)
- [Level III CFA Exam Study Advice – 3 Months to the Exam](https://ift.world/3-months-l3-advice/)
- [Master the 2026 Level III CFA® Exam: Your Roadmap to Success](https://ift.world/master-the-2026-level-iii-cfa-exam-your-roadmap-to-success/)
- [Failed the Level III Exam? Sorry To Hear That…](https://ift.world/failed-level-iii-exam-sorry-hear/)
- [Advice for those who passed the Aug’25 Level I exam](https://ift.world/advice-for-those-who-passed-the-feb23-level-i-exam/)
- [Your August 2025 Level I Exam Results](https://ift.world/your-level-i-exam-results/)
- [Advice for those who didn’t pass the Aug’25 Level I exam](https://ift.world/advice-for-those-who-didnt-pass-the-feb23-level-i-exam/)
- [LOS Command Words Explained](https://ift.world/los-command-words-explained/)
- [How to decide your CFA Level III Specialized Pathway?](https://ift.world/cfa-level-iii-choose-your-sp/)
- [IFT Mock Exams for 2025 CFA Level III](https://ift.world/ift-mock-exams-for-2025-cfa-level-iii/)
- [How to Solve CFA Level III Constructed Response Questions](https://ift.world/how-to-pass-the-level-iii-essay-exam-2/)
- [Advice for those who passed the Level II exam](https://ift.world/advice-for-those-who-passed-the-level-ii-exam-2/)
- [Advice for those who didn’t pass the Level II exam](https://ift.world/advice-for-those-who-didnt-pass-the-level-ii-exam-2/)
- [Introducing Our Weekly Market Review Videos](https://ift.world/introducing-our-weekly-market-review-videos/)
- [Level I CFA Exam Study Advice – 1 Month to the Exam](https://ift.world/1-month-advice/)
- [Level I CFA Exam Study Advice – 2-Months to the Exam](https://ift.world/2-months-2021-advice/)
- [Past Level III Constructed Response or Essay Exam Questions](https://ift.world/past-level-iii-constructed-response-or-essay-exam-questions/)

## Pages

- [Home](https://ift.world/)
- [Live Online Classes for CFA® Program Exam Prep](https://ift.world/live/)
- [2027 IFT Materials Release Schedule for Level I](https://ift.world/ift-materials-release-schedule-for-level-1/)
- [LIVE (ZOOM) CRASH COURSES for Upcoming CFA Exams](https://ift.world/cfa-crash-course/)
- [IFT Purchase-Use Terms & Conditions and Satisfaction Policy](https://ift.world/ift-satisfaction-policy/)
- [Information for Customers in Pakistan](https://ift.world/pakistan/)
- [IFT Terms & Conditions and Privacy Policy](https://ift.world/ift-terms-conditions-and-privacy-policy/)
- [Special Offers at IFT](https://ift.world/special-offers-at-ift/)
- [IFT High Yield Courses and Live Crash Courses](https://ift.world/crash-course/)
- [Charter Mastery](https://ift.world/cmhz/)
- [2025 Level III Prep Package Schedule](https://ift.world/2025-level-iii-prep-package-schedule/)
- [IFT Materials Release Schedule for Level II 2025](https://ift.world/release-schedule-for-level-ii-2025/)
- [The IFT Mobile App](https://ift.world/mobile-app/)
- [3 Steps to Curriculum Mastery with Active Learning®](https://ift.world/active-learning/)
- [Level III Essay Exam Grading Service Calendar](https://ift.world/level-iii-essay-exam-grading-calendar/)
- [hi](https://ift.world/hi/)
- [IFT Live Demo Class Recordings](https://ift.world/rafay-demo-live/)
- [Level II Live Class Recordings](https://ift.world/level-ii-live-class-recordings/)
- [Level I Live Class Recordings](https://ift.world/level-i-live-class-recordings/)
- [Notes2](https://ift.world/notes2/)

## Products

- [Change of Product Level 1](https://ift.world/product/change-of-product-level-1/)
- [Change of Product Level 3](https://ift.world/product/change-of-product-level-3/)
- [Change of Exam Year Level 3](https://ift.world/product/change-of-exam-3/)
- [Key Facts and Formulas Sheet 27](https://ift.world/product/l1-key-facts-and-formulas-sheet-2027/)
- [HIGH-YIELD Course](https://ift.world/product/high-yield-course-l1-27/)
- [Change of Product Level 2](https://ift.world/product/change-of-product-level-2/)
- [Plus Package](https://ift.world/product/plus-package-2-27/)
- [Premium Package 2027](https://ift.world/product/l1-premium-package-2027/)
- [Plus Package 2027](https://ift.world/product/l1-plus-package-2027/)
- [Basic Package 2027](https://ift.world/product/l1-basic-package-2027/)
- [CFA Crash Course – LII November 2026](https://ift.world/product/live-cfa-crash-course-lev2/)
- [CFA Crash Course – LI November 2026](https://ift.world/product/live-class-crash-course-lev1/)
- [CFA Crash Course – LIII August 2026 [Discounted]](https://ift.world/product/live-cfa-crash-course-lev3/)
- [Basic Package – Portfolio Management Pathway](https://ift.world/product/basic-package-portfolio-management-pathway-27/)
- [IFT Mock Exam](https://ift.world/product/ift-mock-exams-l2-27/)
- [IFT High-Yield Course](https://ift.world/product/ift-high-yield-course-l2-27/)
- [IFT Study Notes](https://ift.world/product/ift-study-notes-27/)
- [Question Bank](https://ift.world/product/question-bank-l1-27/)
- [FSA Videos](https://ift.world/product/fsa-videos-26/)
- [CFA Live Classes L1 (February 2027 Exam)](https://ift.world/product/cfa-live-classes-l1-exam/)

## Courses

- [Level 2 November 2026 Crash Course](https://ift.world/courses/level-2-november-2026-crash-course/)
- [Level 1 November 2026 Crash Course](https://ift.world/courses/level-1-november-2026-crash-course/)
- [2027 Level I High Yield Course](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-high-yield-course/)
- [Level 2 August 2025 Crash Course](https://ift.world/courses/level-2-live-crash-course-august-2025/)
- [IFT Internal Test for CT and DT](https://ift.world/courses/ift-internal-test-for-ct-and-dt/)
- [2027 05 Level I Equities – Basic](https://ift.world/courses/2027-05-level-i-equities-basic/)
- [2027 Level I Study Notes](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-study-notes/)
- [Live Class – Level 3 February 2027](https://ift.world/courses/live-class-level-3-february-2027/)
- [Live Class – Level 2 November 2026](https://ift.world/courses/live-class-level-2-november-2026/)
- [Live Class – Level 1 February 2027](https://ift.world/courses/live-class-level-1-february-2027/)
- [Live Class – Level 1 November 2026](https://ift.world/courses/live-class-level-1-november-2026/)
- [2027 09 Level I Portfolio Construction – Premium](https://ift.world/courses/2027-09-level-i-portfolio-construction-premium/)
- [Qbank Trial](https://ift.world/courses/qbanl-trial/)
- [2026 09 Level I Portfolio Management – Plus](https://ift.world/courses/2026-09-level-i-portfolio-management-plus/)
- [2026 09 Level I Portfolio Management – Premium](https://ift.world/courses/2026-09-level-i-portfolio-management-premium/)
- [2027 Level I Mock Exam 1](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-mock-exam-1/)
- [2027 10 Level I Ethical and Professional Standards – Premium](https://ift.world/courses/2027-10-level-i-ethical-and-professional-standards-premium/)
- [2027 10 Level I Ethical and Professional Standards – Plus](https://ift.world/courses/2027-10-level-i-ethical-and-professional-standards-plus/)
- [2027 09 Level I Portfolio Construction – Plus](https://ift.world/courses/2027-09-level-i-portfolio-construction-plus/)
- [Live Class – Level 1 February 2026](https://ift.world/courses/live-class-level-1-february-2026/)

## Lessons

- [L1 LM3-LM9 HY Guidance for Standards I-VII](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-high-yield-course/lessons/l1-lm3-lm9-hy-guidance-for-standards-i-vii/)
- [L1 LM3-9 Guidance for Standards I-VI High-Yield Study Notes](https://ift.world/lessons/l1-lm3-9-guidance-for-standards-i-vi-high-yield-study-notes/)
- [Mock 1 Session 2](https://ift.world/courses/ift-internal-test-for-ct-and-dt/lessons/mock-1-session-2-7/)
- [Mock 1 Session 1](https://ift.world/courses/ift-internal-test-for-ct-and-dt/lessons/mock-1-session-1-5/)
- [Week 10](https://ift.world/courses/live-class-level-3-february-2027/lessons/week-10-57/)
- [Week 22](https://ift.world/courses/live-class-level-2-november-2026/lessons/week-22-45/)
- [Week 10](https://ift.world/courses/live-class-level-1-february-2027/lessons/week-10-56/)
- [Week 21](https://ift.world/courses/live-class-level-1-november-2026/lessons/week-21-53/)
- [Private Wealth](https://ift.world/courses/live-class-level-3-february-2027/lessons/private-wealth/)
- [PDF and Quiz](https://ift.world/courses/qbanl-trial/lessons/pdf-and-quiz/)
- [Video and Quiz](https://ift.world/courses/qbanl-trial/lessons/video-and-quiz/)
- [Quiz only](https://ift.world/courses/qbanl-trial/lessons/quiz-only/)
- [Week 9](https://ift.world/courses/live-class-level-1-february-2027/lessons/week-9-56/)
- [Week 9](https://ift.world/courses/live-class-level-3-february-2027/lessons/week-9/)
- [Week 21](https://ift.world/courses/live-class-level-2-november-2026/lessons/week-21-52/)
- [Week 20](https://ift.world/courses/live-class-level-1-november-2026/lessons/week-20-55/)
- [Week 25](https://ift.world/courses/live-class-level-1-february-2026/lessons/week-25-25/)
- [Qbank Trial](https://ift.world/lessons/qbank-trial/)
- [Key Facts and Formulas Sheet](https://ift.world/courses/2026-level-ii-high-yield-course/lessons/key-facts-and-formulas-sheet-l2/)
- [2027 Level I Key Facts and Formulas Sheet (KFFS)](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-high-yield-course/lessons/2027-level-i-key-facts-and-formulas-sheet-kffs/)

## Items

- [22 Oct 2026 Level 1 Crash Course FSA](https://ift.world/courses/level-2-november-2026-crash-course/lessons/crash-courses-class-recording/topic/22-oct-2026-level-1-crash-course-fsa-2/)
- [22 Oct 2026 Level 1 Crash Course FSA](https://ift.world/courses/level-1-november-2026-crash-course/lessons/class-recordings-8/topic/22-oct-2026-level-1-crash-course-fsa/)
- [L1 Ethics Guidance for Standards I-VII HY High Yield Notes (2027)](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-high-yield-course/lessons/l1-lm3-lm9-hy-guidance-for-standards-i-vii/topic/l1-ethics-guidance-for-standards-i-vii-hy-high-yield-notes-2027/)
- [L1 Ethics LM09 High Yield Notes (2027)](https://ift.world/topic/l1-ethics-lm09-high-yield-notes-2027/)
- [L1 Ethics LM08 High Yield Notes (2027)](https://ift.world/topic/l1-ethics-lm08-high-yield-notes-2027/)
- [L1 Ethics LM06 High Yield Notes (2027)](https://ift.world/topic/l1-ethics-lm06-high-yield-notes-2027/)
- [L1 Ethics LM07 High Yield Notes (2027)](https://ift.world/topic/l1-ethics-lm07-high-yield-notes-2027/)
- [L1 Ethics LM05 High Yield Notes (2027)](https://ift.world/topic/l1-ethics-lm05-high-yield-notes-2027/)
- [L1 Ethics LM04 High Yield Notes (2027)](https://ift.world/topic/l1-ethics-lm04-high-yield-notes-2027/)
- [L1 Ethics Guidance for Standards I–VII HY Video](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-high-yield-course/lessons/l1-lm3-lm9-hy-guidance-for-standards-i-vii/topic/l1-es03-high-yield-notes-2027/)
- [L1 Ethics Guidance for Standards I–VII HY Video](https://ift.world/topic/l1-ethics-guidance-for-standards-i-vii-hy-video/)
- [L1 FS11 High Yield Notes (2026) showing 27](https://ift.world/topic/l1-fs11-high-yield-notes-2026-showing-27/)
- [L1 FS11 High Yield Notes (2027)](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-high-yield-course/lessons/l1-lm11-hy-financial-analysis-techniques/topic/l1-fs11-high-yield-notes-2027/)
- [21 Oct 2026 Level 1 Crash Course FSA](https://ift.world/courses/level-1-november-2026-crash-course/lessons/class-recordings-8/topic/21-oct-2026-level-1-crash-course-fsa/)
- [21 Oct 2026 Level 2 Crash Course Alts](https://ift.world/courses/level-2-november-2026-crash-course/lessons/crash-courses-class-recording/topic/21-oct-2026-level-2-crash-course-alts/)
- [20 Oct 2026 Level 1 Crash Course Fixed Income](https://ift.world/courses/level-1-november-2026-crash-course/lessons/class-recordings-8/topic/20-oct-2026-level-1-crash-course-fixed-income/)
- [20 Oct 2026 Level 2 Crash Course Alts](https://ift.world/courses/level-2-november-2026-crash-course/lessons/crash-courses-class-recording/topic/20-oct-2026-level-2-crash-course-alts/)
- [19 Oct 2026 Level 2 Crash Course FSA](https://ift.world/courses/level-2-november-2026-crash-course/lessons/crash-courses-class-recording/topic/19-oct-2026-level-2-crash-course-fsa/)
- [19 Oct 2026 Level 1 Crash Course Fixed Income](https://ift.world/courses/level-1-november-2026-crash-course/lessons/class-recordings-8/topic/19-oct-2026-level-1-crash-course-fixed-income/)
- [Item](https://ift.world/topic/item-730/)

## Quizzes

- [L1 Ethics Guidance for Standards I-VII HY Questions](https://ift.world/courses/2025-level-i-high-yield-course/lessons/l1-lm03-hy-guidance-for-standards-i-vii/quizzes/l1-ethics-guidance-for-standards-i-vii-hy-questions/)
- [2027 Level 1 Mock 1 Session 2](https://ift.world/courses/ift-internal-test-for-ct-and-dt/lessons/mock-1-session-2-7/quizzes/2027-level-1-mock-1-session-2-2/)
- [2027 Level 1 Mock 1 Session 1](https://ift.world/courses/ift-internal-test-for-ct-and-dt/lessons/mock-1-session-1-5/quizzes/2027-level-1-mock-1-session-1/)
- [L1 QM01-Quiz-4](https://ift.world/courses/2027-01-level-i-quantitative-methods-basic/lessons/l1-lm1-returns-of-financial-assets-and-instruments-lecture-4/quizzes/l1-qm01-qz4/)
- [L1 QM LM1 Qbank Test 2027](https://ift.world/courses/2027-01-level-i-quantitative-methods-plus/lessons/l1-lm1-returns-of-financial-assets-and-instruments-study-notes-and-test/quizzes/l1-qm-lm1-qbank-test-2/)
- [L1 QM LM1 Qbank Test](https://ift.world/courses/2025-level-i-question-bank/lessons/lm1-rates-and-returns-2/quizzes/l1-qm-lm1-qbank-test/)
- [L1 EQ LM12 Qbank Test 2027](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-question-bank/lessons/lm12-the-capital-asset-pricing-model-market-model-and-other-factor-based-equity-models-2/quizzes/l1-eq-lm12-qbank-test/)
- [L1 EQ LM11 Qbank Test 2027](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-question-bank/lessons/lm11-equity-analyst-research-reports-2/quizzes/l1-eq-lm11-qbank-test/)
- [L1 EQ LM10 Qbank Test 2027](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-question-bank/lessons/lm10-company-analysis-past-present-and-future-2/quizzes/l1-eq-lm10-qbank-test/)
- [L1 EQ LM9 Qbank Test 2027](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-question-bank/lessons/lm9-industry-and-competitive-analysis-2/quizzes/l1-eq-lm9-qbank-test/)
- [L1 EQ LM8 Qbank Test 2027](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-question-bank/lessons/lm8-financial-statement-forecasting-in-equity-valuation-2/quizzes/l1-eq-lm8-qbank-test/)
- [L1 EQ LM7 Qbank Test 2027](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-question-bank/lessons/lm7-relative-value-equity-valuation-approaches-2/quizzes/l1-eq-lm7-qbank-test/)
- [L1 EQ LM6 Qbank Test 2027](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-question-bank/lessons/lm6-discounted-cash-flow-dcf-and-growth-models-2/quizzes/l1-eq-lm6-qbank-test/)
- [L1 EQ LM5 Qbank Test 2027](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-question-bank/lessons/lm5-introduction-to-equity-valuation-2/quizzes/l1-eq-lm5-qbank-test/)
- [L1 EQ LM4 Qbank Test 2027](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-question-bank/lessons/lm4-sources-of-equity-returns-2/quizzes/l1-eq-lm4-qbank-test/)
- [L1 EQ LM3 Qbank Test 2027](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-question-bank/lessons/lm3-equity-issuance-and-trading-2/quizzes/l1-eq-lm3-qbank-test/)
- [L1 EQ LM2 Qbank Test 2027](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-question-bank/lessons/lm2-equity-jurisdictions-classes-and-the-voting-process-2/quizzes/l1-eq-lm2-qbank-test/)
- [L1 EQ LM1 Qbank Test 2027](https://ift.world/courses/2027-level-i-question-bank/lessons/lm1-equity-instrument-features-2/quizzes/l1-eq-lm1-qbank-test/)
- [L1 QM LM11 Qbank Test 2027](https://ift.world/courses/2027-01-level-i-quantitative-methods-plus/lessons/l1-lm11-introduction-to-financial-data-science-study-notes-and-test/quizzes/l1-qm-lm11-qbank-test-2/)
- [L1 QM LM10 Qbank Test 2027](https://ift.world/courses/2027-01-level-i-quantitative-methods-plus/lessons/l1-lm10-applications-of-simple-linear-regression-in-finance-study-notes-and-test/quizzes/l1-qm-lm10-qbank-test-2/)

## Certificates

- [Type Course Name here…](https://ift.world/certificates/type-course-name-here/)
- [Level 1 Part 1 Cleared](https://ift.world/certificates/level-1-part-1-cleared/)
- [Your course name](https://ift.world/certificates/your-course-name/)
- [Completion Certificate](https://ift.world/certificates/completion-certificate/)

## Testimonials

- [Hari Mahadevan - Charlotte, NC, USA.](https://ift.world/client/shayan/)
- [Jai Kishen - Delhi, India](https://ift.world/client/jai-kishen-delhi/)
- [Carlo Pagni - England, United Kingdom](https://ift.world/client/hunainpak/)
- [Matthew Dow - Utrecht, The Netherlands](https://ift.world/client/johnusa/)
- [Ali Ahmed - Karachi, Pakistan](https://ift.world/client/imrandubai/)
- [Hassan Bassiri - Los Angeles, California](https://ift.world/client/hassan-bassiri-los-angeles-california-usa/)
- [Tafirenyika Masvore - Midrand, South Africa](https://ift.world/client/tafirenyika-masvore-midrand-south-africa/)

## Macbook Image Sliders

- [IFT LP MCQ2](https://ift.world/macbook_image_slider/auto-draft/)
- [IFT LP MCQ1](https://ift.world/macbook_image_slider/auto-draft-4/)
- [ILP Image 2](https://ift.world/macbook_image_slider/ilp-videos-page/)
- [ILP Login page](https://ift.world/macbook_image_slider/ilp-login-page/)
- [IFT CFA Notes online imate](https://ift.world/macbook_image_slider/ift-cfa-notes-online-imate/)

## Free Stuff Videos

- [Level III Exam Overview](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/level-iii-exam-overview/)
- [How to Prepare with IFT](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/prepare-with-ift/)
- [How to Pass the Essay Exam](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/level-iii-cfa-essay-exam/)
- [Technical Analysis - Lecture 1](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/technical-analysis-lecture-1/)
- [Hypothesis Testing - Lecture 3](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/hypothesis-testing-lecture-3/)
- [Hypothesis Testing - Lecture 1](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/hypothesis-testing-lecture-1/)
- [Currency Exchange Rates - Lecture 6](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/currency-exchange-rates-lecture-6/)
- [Aggregate Output Prices and Economic Output - Lecture 5](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/aggregate-output-prices-and-economic-output-lecture-5/)
- [Statistical Concepts and Market Returns - Lecture 3](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/statistical-concepts-market-returns-lecture-3/)
- [The Time Value of Money - Lecture 2](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/time-value-money-lecture-2/)
- [Corporate Governance and ESG - Lecture 3](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/corporate-governance-esg-lecture-3/)
- [Risk Management An Introduction - Lecture 2](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/risk-management-introduction/)
- [Cost of Capital - Lecture 2](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/cost-capital-lecture-2/)
- [Long Lived Assets - Lecture 2](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/long-lived-assets-lecture-2/)
- [Inventories - Lecture 3](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/inventories-lecture-3/)
- [Financial Analysis Techniques - Lecture 3](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/financial-analysis-techniques-lecture-3/)
- [Understanding Business Cycles - Lecture 5](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/understanding-business-cycles-lecture-5/)
- [The Firm and Market Structures Lecture 5](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/the-firm-and-market-structures-lecture-5/)
- [The Firm and Market Structures Lecture 4](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/the-firm-and-market-structures-lecture-4/)
- [Credit Strategies High-Yield Lecture](https://ift.world/free_stuff_videos/summary-managing-individual-investor-portfolios/)

## Success stories

- [Abby W.](https://ift.world/success-stories/abby-w/)
- [Ekaterina Korotkova](https://ift.world/success-stories/ekaterina-korotkova/)
- [Gil Martin Manalo IV](https://ift.world/success-stories/gil-martin-manalo-iv/)
- [Alex Smirnoff North](https://ift.world/success-stories/alex-smirnoff-north/)
- [Rudy Soobaroyen](https://ift.world/success-stories/rudy-soobaroyen/)
- [Gokcen O-M.](https://ift.world/success-stories/gokcen-o-m/)
- [Satheesh Jagannathan](https://ift.world/success-stories/satheesh-jagannathan/)
- [Kujo Osei, CFA, CPA](https://ift.world/success-stories/kujo-osei/)
- [Viraj Swaroop, FRM](https://ift.world/success-stories/viraj-swaroop-frm/)
- [Marc Antoine Gendreau](https://ift.world/success-stories/marc-antoine-gendreau/)
- [Muhammad Asim Qureshi, CFA](https://ift.world/success-stories/muhammad-asim-qureshi-cfa/)
- [Tafirenyika Masvore](https://ift.world/success-stories/tafirenyika-masvore/)

## concepts

- [Concept 1: Calculating PV and FV of Different Cash Flows](https://ift.world/concept1/concept-1-calculating-pv-fv-different-cash-flows/)
- [Concept 2: Net Present Value (NPV) & Internal Rate of Return (IRR)](https://ift.world/concept1/concept-2-net-present-value-npv-internal-rate-return-irr/)
- [Introduction](https://ift.world/concept1/introduction/)
- [Concept 3: Money-Weighted & Time Weighted Rate of Return](https://ift.world/concept1/concept-3-money-weighted-time-weighted-rate-return/)
- [Concept 4: Yield Measures for Money Market Instruments](https://ift.world/concept1/concept-4-yield-measures-money-market-instruments/)
- [Concept 5: Measures of Central Tendency](https://ift.world/concept1/concept-5-measures-central-tendency/)
- [Concept 6: Quartiles, Quintiles, Deciles, & Percentiles](https://ift.world/concept1/concept-6-quartiles-quintiles-deciles-percentiles/)
- [Concept 10: Safety First Ratio](https://ift.world/concept1/concept-10-safety-first-ratio/)
- [Concept 18: Substitution and Income Effects](https://ift.world/concept1/level-concept-18-substitution-income-effects/)
- [Concept 17: Price, Income and Cross-Price Elasticities of Demand](https://ift.world/concept1/concept-17-price-income-cross-price-elasticities-demand/)
- [Concept 16: Common Chart Patterns](https://ift.world/concept1/concept-16-common-chart-patterns/)
- [Concept 15: Hypothesis Tests Concerning a Single Mean](https://ift.world/concept1/concept-15-hypothesis-tests-concerning-single-mean/)
- [Concept 14: Steps of Hypothesis Testing](https://ift.world/concept1/concept-14-steps-hypothesis-testing/)
- [Concept 13: Selection of Sample Size & Sampling Biases](https://ift.world/concept1/concept-13-selection-sample-size-sampling-biases/)
- [Concept 12: Calculating Confidence Intervals](https://ift.world/concept1/concept-12-calculating-confidence-intervals/)
- [Concept 11: Central Limit Theorem](https://ift.world/concept1/concept-11-central-limit-theorem/)
- [Concept 9: Covariance & Correlation](https://ift.world/concept1/concept-9-covariance-correlation/)
- [Concept 8: Symmetry and Skewness in Return Distributions](https://ift.world/concept1/concept-8-symmetry-skewness-return-distributions/)
- [Concept 7: Measures of Dispersion](https://ift.world/concept1/concept-7-measures-dispersion/)
- [Concept 19: Economies and Diseconomies of Scale](https://ift.world/concept1/concept-19-economies-diseconomies-scale/)

## booklets

- [LM06 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-103/)
- [LM02 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-55/)
- [LM08 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-49/)
- [LM04 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-101/)
- [LM03 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-100/)
- [LM02 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-98/)
- [LM01 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-99/)
- [LM07 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-97/)
- [LM06 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-96/)
- [LM05 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-95/)
- [LM04 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-94/)
- [LM03 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-93/)
- [LM02 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-92/)
- [LM01 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-91/)
- [LM10 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-90/)
- [LM09 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-89/)
- [LM08 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-88/)
- [LM05 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-85/)
- [LM03 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-83/)
- [LM02 Study Notes](https://ift.world/booklets/part-1-82/)

## Pricing Tables

- [27-Level-2](https://ift.world/pricing-table/27-level-2/)
- [27-Level-3](https://ift.world/pricing-table/27-level-3/)
- [27-Level-1](https://ift.world/pricing-table/27-level-1/)
- [26-Level-3](https://ift.world/pricing-table/26-level-3/)
- [26-Level-2](https://ift.world/pricing-table/26-level-2/)
- [26-Level-1](https://ift.world/pricing-table/26-level-1/)
- [25-Level-2](https://ift.world/pricing-table/25-level-2/)
- [25-Level-3](https://ift.world/pricing-table/25-level-3/)
- [25-Level-1](https://ift.world/pricing-table/25-level-1/)
- [24-Level-3](https://ift.world/pricing-table/24-level-3/)
- [24-Level-1](https://ift.world/pricing-table/24-level-1/)
- [24-Level-2](https://ift.world/pricing-table/24-level-2/)
- [23-Level-2](https://ift.world/pricing-table/23-level-2/)
- [23-Level-1](https://ift.world/pricing-table/23-level-1/)
- [23-Level-3](https://ift.world/pricing-table/23-level-3/)
- [Level2](https://ift.world/pricing-table/level2/)
- [Level-III Black Friday](https://ift.world/pricing-table/level-iii-black-friday/)
- [Level-II Black Friday](https://ift.world/pricing-table/l2-bf/)
- [Level-I Black Friday](https://ift.world/pricing-table/level-i-black-friday/)
- [Level3](https://ift.world/pricing-table/level3/)

## Downloads

- [Level III Past Essay Exam Relevance Document for 2024 Exam](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/past-essay-exam-relevancy-document/)
- [IFT Level III Video Index and Study Planner](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/ift-study-planner-l3/)
- [IFT Level I Video Index and Study Planner](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/2019-ift-study-planner-level/)
- [IFT Level II Video Index and Study Planner](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/ift-study-planner-l2/)
- [Level III Mock Exam Sample](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/sample-questsions-level-iii-mock-exam/)
- [Sample Key facts and formula for Level III](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/sample-key-facts-formula-level-iii/)
- [Sample Key Facts and Formula for Level II](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/sample-key-facts-formula-level-ii/)
- [Sample Key Facts and Formula for Level I](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/sample-key-facts-formula-level/)
- [Introduction to Linear Regression Set 2 Qbank](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/level-ii-correlation-regression-qbank/)
- [Quant: Time Value of Money Q-bank](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/748/)
- [Level II Mock Exam Sample](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/sample-level-ii-mock-exam-questions/)
- [Level I Mock Exam Sample](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/mock-exam-sample/)
- [Level III IFT Study Notes-SS3-R08 The Behavioral Biases of Individuals IFT Notes](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/behavioral-finance-investment-processes-notes/)
- [2019-2020 Level II Program Changes](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/2019-2020-level-ii-program-changes/)
- [2019-2020 Level III Program Changes](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/2019-2020-level-iii-program-changes/)
- [2019-2020 Level I Program Changes](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/2020-level-i-program-changes/)
- [Level III R11 Essay Quiz](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/792/)
- [Level III R09 Item Set Quiz](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/ss3-essay-quiz/)
- [Sample High-Yield Notes Ethics](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/sample-high-yield-notes-ethics/)
- [Level II IFT Study Notes-Quant- R04-Introduction to Linear Regression](https://ift.world/sdm_downloads/level-ii-correlation-regression-notes/)

## Easy Testimonials

- [Eromosele Alenkhe - Level III](https://ift.world/testimonial/eromosele-alenkhe-dec-2020-level-iii-student/)
- [Aisha Siddiqui - Level II](https://ift.world/testimonial/aisha-siddiqui-may-2021-leve-ii-student/)
- [Pascal Eva - Level I](https://ift.world/testimonial/pascal-eva-level-i-dec-2020-student/)
- [Dare Oyewo - Level III](https://ift.world/testimonial/dare-oyewo-dec-2020-level-iii-student/)
- [Tamer Gaber - Level II](https://ift.world/testimonial/tamer-gaber-level-ii-dec-2020-student/)
- [Amit Mehta - Level III](https://ift.world/testimonial/amit-mehta-level-iii-may-2021-student/)
- [Hannah Chapman - Level I](https://ift.world/testimonial/hannah-chapman-level-i-may-2021-student/)
- [Hajera Shah - Level II](https://ift.world/testimonial/hajera-shah-level-ii-dec-2020-student/)
- [Victoria Patrock - Level I](https://ift.world/testimonial/victoria-patrock-level-i-may-2021-student/)
- [Tirthraj Gupta - Level III](https://ift.world/testimonial/tirthraj-gupta-may-2021-level-iii-student/)
- [Emmanuel Anochirionye - Level III](https://ift.world/testimonial/emmanuel-anochirionye-level-iii-may-2021-student/)

## FAQ

- [What are the CFA Program exam fees?](https://ift.world/faq/what-is-the-cfa-program-exam-fees/)
- [What subjects or topics are tested on the CFA Level I Program exam?](https://ift.world/faq/what-subjects-or-topics-are-tested-on-the-level-i-exam/)
- [What are the subject or topic weights for the Level I CFA Program?](https://ift.world/faq/what-are-the-subject-or-topic-weights-in-the-exam/)
- [How much study time is required for Level I CFA Program?](https://ift.world/faq/how-much-study-time-is-required-for-each-level/)
- [What are the CFA Program exam pass rates?](https://ift.world/faq/what-are-the-exam-pass-rates/)
- [Where can I get notes for Level I CFA Program?](https://ift.world/faq/where-can-i-get-cfa-level-1-notes/)
- [What is CFA charterholder's salary?](https://ift.world/faq/what-is-cfa-salary/)
- [Do I need to pass all topics in order to pass the CFA Program exam?](https://ift.world/faq/do-i-need-to-pass-all-topic-in-order-to-pass-the-exam/)
- [Can I get a scholarship for the CFA Program?](https://ift.world/faq/can-i-get-a-scholarship/)
- [How much more difficult is the Level II CFA exam?](https://ift.world/faq/how-much-more-difficult-is-the-level-ii-exam/)
- [How much study time is required for Level II CFA Program?](https://ift.world/faq/how-much-study-time-is-required-for-level-ii/)
- [What is the minimum passing score for the CFA Program exam?](https://ift.world/faq/what-is-the-minimum-passing-score/)
- [What are the subject or topic weights for the Level II CFA Program?](https://ift.world/faq/what-are-the-subject-or-topic-weights-in-the-exam-2/)
- [What is the format for Level II CFA Program exam?](https://ift.world/faq/what-is-the-format-for-level-ii-exam/)
- [Can I sit for Level II CFA Program exam before graduation?](https://ift.world/faq/can-i-sit-for-level-ii-exam-before-graduation/)
- [Will I need Level I knowledge for Level II CFA Program?](https://ift.world/faq/will-i-need-level-i-knowledge-for-level-ii/)
- [Does CFA syllabus change every year?](https://ift.world/faq/does-cfa-syllabus-change-every-year/)
- [How do I earn the CFA® charter?](https://ift.world/faq/how-do-i-earn-the-cfa-charter/)
- [What are the subject or topic weights for the Level III CFA Program?](https://ift.world/faq/what-are-the-subject-or-topic-weights-in-the-exam-3/)
- [How much study time is required for Level III CFA Program?](https://ift.world/faq/how-much-study-time-is-required-for-level-iii/)

## Notifications

- [other topics](https://ift.world/ld-notification/other-topics/)
- [More content](https://ift.world/ld-notification/more-content/)
- [IFT Live Class - Level III (Extra Class)](https://ift.world/ld-notification/ift-live-class-level-iii-extra-class/)

## Level I Videos

- [CFA Program Level I Exam: Preparing with IFT](https://ift.world/cfa-level1-video/cfa-program-level-i-exam-preparing-with-ift/)
- [Level I CFA - General Information about the Exam](https://ift.world/cfa-level1-video/cfa-exam-calculator-tutorial-part1/)
- [Prepare for Level I with IFT](https://ift.world/cfa-level1-video/2017-prepare-level-ift/)
- [IFT Corporate Video](https://ift.world/cfa-level1-video/ift-corporate-video/)
- [Level I CFA Bayes' Formula Demystified](https://ift.world/cfa-level1-video/demystified-bayes/)
- [IFRS GAAP Demystified](https://ift.world/cfa-level1-video/ifrs-gaap-demystified/)
- [p-Value Demystified](https://ift.world/cfa-level1-video/demystified/)

## Level II Videos

- [Dynamic Delta Hedging](https://ift.world/cfa-level2-video/dynamic-delta-hedging/)
- [IFT Level 2 Products and Services](https://ift.world/cfa-level2-video/2017-level-ii-cfa-pass-exam-ift/)
- [Level II CFA Pass the exam with IFT](https://ift.world/cfa-level2-video/level-ii-general-information/)
- [Level II General Information](https://ift.world/cfa-level2-video/ift-level-2-products-and-services/)
- [Triangular Arbitrage Demystified](https://ift.world/cfa-level2-video/interest-rate-swaps/)
- [FRA Pricing](https://ift.world/cfa-level2-video/fra-pricing/)

## Level III Videos

- [3rd Level III CFA: 2020 How to Pass the Essay Exam](https://ift.world/cfa-level3-video/level-iii-2018-how-to-pass-the-essay-exam/)
- [1st Level III CFA: General Information about the exam](https://ift.world/cfa-level3-video/level-iii-cfa-2018-exam-strategy-advice/)
- [2nd 2020 Level III CFA: Pass the exam with IFT!](https://ift.world/cfa-level3-video/pass-level-iii-cfa-essay-exam/)
- [4th SS3 Behavioral Finance Perspective Part 1](https://ift.world/cfa-level3-video/2017-level-iii-cfa-pass-exam-ift/)
- [5th Intro to Behavioral Finance Summary](https://ift.world/cfa-level3-video/level-iii-essay-exam-intro-behavioral-finance/)

## Categories

- [Uncategorized](https://ift.world/category/uncategorized/)
- [All-Levels](https://ift.world/category/all-levels/)
- [Level I](https://ift.world/category/level-1/)
- [featured](https://ift.world/category/featured/)
- [Level II](https://ift.world/category/level-2/)
- [Level III](https://ift.world/category/level-3/)
- [2021 Level I Portfolio Management Full Videos](https://ift.world/category/level-1/level-i-portfolio-management-full-videos/)
- [2021 Level I Corporate Finance Full Videos](https://ift.world/category/level-1/level-i-corporate-finance-full-videos/)
- [2021 Level I FRA Full Videos](https://ift.world/category/level-1/level-i-fra-full-videos/)
- [2021 Level I Economics Full Videos](https://ift.world/category/level-1/level-i-economics-full-videos/)
- [2021 Level I Quantitative Methods Full Videos](https://ift.world/category/level-1/level-i-quantitiative-methods-full-videos/)
- [Demystified Videos](https://ift.world/category/level-1/level-i-demystified-videos/)
- [Advice and How to Study Videos](https://ift.world/category/level-1/level-i-how-to-study-videos/)
- [2021 Level I Ethics Full Videos](https://ift.world/category/level-1/level-i-ethics-full-videos/)
- [101 concepts level I](https://ift.world/category/101-concepts/)
- [Corporate Issuers](https://ift.world/category/booklet-top-level/corporate-finance/)
- [Derivatives](https://ift.world/category/booklet-top-level/derivatives/)
- [Economics](https://ift.world/category/booklet-top-level/economics/)
- [Equity](https://ift.world/category/booklet-top-level/equity/)
- [Ethics](https://ift.world/category/booklet-top-level/h0-lvl-topic-i/)

## Tags

- [CFA](https://ift.world/tag/cfa/)
- [CFA Level II](https://ift.world/tag/cfa-level-ii/)
- [CFA Tips](https://ift.world/tag/cfa-tips/)
- [CFA Level I](https://ift.world/tag/cfa-level-i/)
- [CFA Level III](https://ift.world/tag/cfa-level-iii/)
- [Program](https://ift.world/tag/program/)
- [Videos](https://ift.world/tag/videos/)
- [level III](https://ift.world/tag/level-iii/)
- [level 3](https://ift.world/tag/level-3/)
- [pass](https://ift.world/tag/pass/)
- [final advice](https://ift.world/tag/final-advice/)
- [advice](https://ift.world/tag/advice/)
- [exam tips](https://ift.world/tag/exam-tips/)
- [exam advice](https://ift.world/tag/exam-advice/)
- [exam strategy](https://ift.world/tag/exam-strategy/)
- [cfa advice](https://ift.world/tag/cfa-advice/)
- [final message](https://ift.world/tag/final-message/)
- [level I](https://ift.world/tag/level-i/)
- [level 1](https://ift.world/tag/level-1/)
- [program changes](https://ift.world/tag/program-changes/)

## Product categories

- [Uncategorized](https://ift.world/product-category/uncategorized/)
- [FRM](https://ift.world/product-category/frm/)
- [Level II (2025)](https://ift.world/product-category/2025-lev2/)
- [Level I (2026)](https://ift.world/product-category/2026-lev1/)
- [Level II (2026)](https://ift.world/product-category/2026-lev2/)
- [Level III (2026)](https://ift.world/product-category/2026-lev3/)
- [Level I (2027)](https://ift.world/product-category/2027-lev1/)
- [Level II (2027)](https://ift.world/product-category/2027-lev2/)
- [Level III (2027)](https://ift.world/product-category/2027-lev3/)

## Product tags

- [singleproduct](https://ift.world/product-tag/singleproduct/)
- [custompackage](https://ift.world/product-tag/custompackage/)
- [cus](https://ift.world/product-tag/cus/)

## Booklet Tags

- [Time Value of Money](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/time-value-of-money/)
- [Present Value](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/present-value/)
- [Future Value](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/future-value/)
- [Required rate of Return](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/required-rate-of-return/)
- [Discount rate](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/discount-rate/)
- [Future Value of Single Cash Flow](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/future-value-of-single-cash-flow/)
- [Non - Annual Compounding](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/non-annual-compounding/)
- [Continuous componding](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/continuous-componding/)
- [Effective Rate](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/effective-rate/)
- [Future values of Cash flows and Annuities](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/future-values-of-cash-flows-and-annuities/)
- [Present value of Single Cash Flow](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/present-value-of-single-cash-flow/)
- [Equal cash flow](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/equal-cash-flow/)
- [Present value of Perpetuity](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/present-value-of-perpetuity/)
- [Solving for Interest rate](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/solving-for-interest-rate/)
- [growth and time](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/growth-and-time/)
- [Number of Periods](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/number-of-periods/)
- [Size of Annuity](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/size-of-annuity/)
- [Future value Equilance](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/future-value-equilance/)
- [Additivity Principle](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/additivity-principle/)
- [Data Types](https://ift.world/booklet_tags/data-types/)

## Download Categories

- [Level I](https://ift.world/sdm_categories/level-1/)
- [Level II](https://ift.world/sdm_categories/level-2/)
- [Level III](https://ift.world/sdm_categories/level-3/)

## Download Tags

- [Notes](https://ift.world/sdm_tags/notes/)
- [Practice Questions](https://ift.world/sdm_tags/questions/)
- [Other Stuff](https://ift.world/sdm_tags/otherstuff/)

## Groups

- [Level 1](https://ift.world/group/level-1/)
- [level 2](https://ift.world/group/level-2/)
- [Level 3](https://ift.world/group/level-3/)
- [2022-lev3](https://ift.world/group/2022-lev3/)
- [2022-lev2](https://ift.world/group/2022-lev2/)
- [2022-lev1](https://ift.world/group/2022-lev1/)